Window construction



June 2, 1931. R. T. HURLEY E1' AL WINDOW CONSTRUCTION 4 sheets-sheet 1 Filed Dec. 8, 1930 June 2, 1931. R. T. HURLEY E'r AL. 1,808,414

WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed Deo. s, 195o 4 sheets-sheet 2 'IlI MINI.' N QA ""3 w m uf Q h l() llune 2 1931*. R. T. HURLEY ET AL WINDOW CONSTRUCTION 4 Sheets-Sheet Filed Deo.

INVENTORS Roy THU/wey f/l//LL//IM J 01E/ey /Wwqzv ATTORNEYS June 2, 1931. R. T. HURLEY E'r AL WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed Dec. 8, 1950 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 element and strength, stiffness,

Patented June 2, 1931 ROY T. HURLEY, or Dones runny, AND ASSIGNORS. TO .GENERAL BRONZE A oon-PoRA'rIoN or NEW YORKy WlLLlAM J- GARRXOF BBQOKLYN, New YORK, CORPQRATIQN, or LQNG retenu CITY, New YORK,

WINDOW CONSTRUCTION applieation med December s, 1930. -seriai No, 500,909.

This invention relates to a window coin struction and has vfor an object to provide al constructional element with novel character- ;istics adapted to be made in a novel way and adapted to be utilized in the construction of windows of various types.

A further object ofthe invention istjo prof vide a sash construction utilizing such novel which will be attractive in apr pearance, economical to manufacture and strong and durable in use.V Sashes embodying the novel constructionfal mounted in any of the manners customary in but are more particu.- larly adapted for use in sliding-sash windows, and in the present specification the invention is described and illustrated in connection with a double hung, sliding-sash win- ;dow, but it is lto be understood that the invention in its broader aspects to such a type of window. e

It is a particular object of the inventionto provide a window and elements lfor constructing the same characterized by the use of sheet met-al, preferably a non-corrosive metal such as yaluminum or aluminum alloy, rolled or bent to proper cross-section and welded into a firm tubular construction by means of a weld is not limited which shall be located in a. position `where it view and shalll normally be concealed from shall not interfere with of the window. i

An aluminum alloy containing five to twelve per cent silicon is the mostA preferred material since an alloy of such composition ycombines the desired qualities .of lightness, and resistance to corrosion and is well'adapted for welding, being highthe proper `operation ily -iiuid when fused. Such alloy is less su,b.

ject to corrosion at the welding operation than other aluminum alloys or ,unalloyed aluminum. AFor bronze windows manganese bronZe'a-lloy is preferred.

Referring more particularly to sliding-Vl sash windows, 'it is feature .of the invention that the principal parts of thel sashe s,namely,

of, are kformed from sheet metal, preferably sheet Valuminum,v rolled to the de ired shape and welded vto form tubing,fthe weld seams element may be v the karrows a silicon members VeII,1`D1O YedJin. the upper `and lower rails yand the stiles thereofthe stiles being so located that they are con- Ceald in the finished sash yet do not interfere with the sliding thereof, and therefore may be left asraw seams. The fact that the seams may be left rawgives assurance of adequate strength aleng the seams in the finished product since nometill is removed ator adjacent t0 .the seams- 1;

A further feature ofthe invention has to do with the :method and means of uniting the upper and lower sash rails' with the stiles and particularly of reinforcing' these unions.

Otherobjects and advantages Will herein'- after appear.. j l 'In the drawingsforming part of this speci-v fication; v I f figure lis a vert-ical, sectional View taken through a window embodyingfeatures of the invention, the section being taken on the line 1,-1V of Figure 3, lookingin the direction o Figure 2 is an end view of a piece of sheet metal rolled into .tubular form for use in making the meeting rail of the upper sash Figure 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken ,on the line 3 3 of Figure l, looking in the, direction ofthe arrows; Figure 4 is a fragmentary, detailview of an upper corner `of a sash, partly broken away for purposesof illustration;

Figure 5 is a fragmentary, end view of the eoA sash ycorner illustratedl in Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a sectional view on the line 6 6l of Figure 4, looking in the direction of the arrows; Y

Figure 7 is a sectional `View yon the line 7 7 of Figure 4, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 8 `isa detail view Vof a weight chain clipemployed at the upper corners of the SaShS;1 'i l e u Figure 9is al perspective view 1ofa reinforcing .corner block employed at the krupperv 1 corners 1of both the upper and lofwer sashes ;I

Figure 10 `shows ,end `viewsof the tubularA making ythe upper frail of ,the .lowersashg .y v .Figure llv isa fragmentary, vertical, sectional view through lower `corner of the lower sash, the view being taken on the line 11-11 of Figure 12, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 12 is a fragmentary, sectional view of a lower corner of the lower sash, the features illustrated, however, being common to the lower corners of both sashes g y,

Figure 13 is afragmentaryfview illustrating the method of welding the tubular members which are to form the rails and stiles;

- Figure 14 illustrates `a further step in theV includes a removable, `vertical-parting strip 4, and a removable, vertical inside retaining strip 5, 'so that upon removal of these strips the sashes may be swung inward and takenV out of the framewhen desired.V The parting andretaining strips referred to,-toge`the'r"` with an outside retaining-strip `6,`dehne vertical guide channels for the upper and lower sashes in'which the's'ashes Vare slidable.

The upper and lower sashes are generally alike with the exception of such dierences as minor differencesfin cross sectional shape,

the provision and location of'coacting lockving parts and the provision of a sash lift'on the lower sash. 4They may, thereforeb'e generally covered by aV common description.

' This description will-be directed to the lower sash and the differences 'between the lower an d theupper sashes will then be pointed out.

4The -lower s'ash comprises` a bottom rail 7 formed of sheet aluminum or other suitable sheet metal which is rolled into tubular form ofthe cross sectional shape illustrated in Fig. r-13. It will be noted that this tubular member is formed with an ,external lgroove 8 in lone face thereof for receiving and support;l

a pane 9, and that on the` back side opposite "said groove the `marginal portions of the sheet are causedto form a shallow, broad,

external'depressionf10i The edges ofthe sheet are-broughttogether at the middle of this depression, andthe edge portions `are folded outward a short Vdistance toV form'short "abutting flanges 11.' These flangesterminate below the surfaces 12 of the tubular-member 7. The'member y7 is next welded continuously-along the-'flanges 11 to vunite them and thereby" forma strong, substantially rigid tube ;Va suitable flux F being utilized asa part of the welding Vprocess ifnecessaryg" TheV tubular member'? is cut at suchV points that the member is dividedinto suitable lengths y for forming bottoni" rails of windows of pre-j` tional shape with the bottom rail, particuv larly in the provision of the wide, shallow recess 10` and the welding seam 16 located substantially at the middle of this recess. It is' al point-,of prime importance that'this weld seam ofthe sash stile is located at the concealed side-ofthe stile,V and that itis positioned ina recess so that it safely clears the base of the sash channel-guide of the frame. Because the weld seam is not seen and be.- causejitis'sospaced fromv the bottom of the guide' channel of theframe as to clear it, it is unnecessaryto grind' or polish this seam, and, hencel the saniefma-y 4be leftraw AV saving is thus 'effected in producing a' suitably finishedfsash, andV asia result ofthe same feature allpossibijli'ty of weakening the seam by grinding is obviated; The raw weld seam definitely and reliablyprovidesa lighter and stronger` construction than could be secured with "other typ'es'offseain, such Vfor example as a lock-joint seam. y vThe -location kof thewelded seam; at the back or outside of the'sash elements is importantv for the reason stated, namely that the seamis normally hiddenand can'be kept out --of contact `with vthe adjacent `windon7 franieelements by the formationof a de-V pression in which thefweld' is located. This: location-of the welded seam `is also desirable as'it4 is-@possible-to provide 'a' fairly wide depression atv this point'which'permits of greaterfreedom forthe carrying on'of the welding operations. For instance, i'ffa gasflanie be used for the welding,rit need not beV conlinedv within Vextremelynarrow limits, nor need fthe finishedfweld be v,held to highly Vrestricted' dimensions. The location 'of the weldedseain'along the Ipart of the window element 'which will liein, a plane parallel with the plane'of the window, isjal'solliighly Vdesirable asv it vmakes vpossible the' 'carrying outv ofthe welding' operation .without vany tendency to produce 'such afdist'ortio'n of the welded tube as would tendto "causefa lateral warping of the window; :This is particularly the' vcase' ifthe vsea-mis welded fat or vnear .the medial plane 4the window', which event therefisfno tendency for' lateral distortion atfalhiany tendency forv Adistortion of the tube beiiiglin'planes which will lie 'parallel to th'e'plane of the finishedwindowv when the tube is assembled therein. Any tendency for distortion in such a plane is adequately taken care of when the elements are assembled into the completed sash.

The mitered Stiles are united with the mitered bottom rail by welding along the meeting mitered edges, that is to say, a weld seam is formed along the line 17 of Fig. 11. TheV sash corner Vis further reinforced, however, to make sure that the sash may not be rectangular shape by.

distorted out of its the provision of a reinforcing angle bracket 18 at the Corner. The-se brackets 18 are preferably made of ii at sheet metal and therefore are of the Cheapest possible construction, the desired rigidity being secured however by mounting them edgewise in the manner to be described. It is for the purpose of receiving and cooperating with the reinforcing bracket 18 that the tubular members and V15 are slit adjacent their mitered ends after they have been welded into tubular form. The angle bracket 18 is slipped into the rtwo parte to be joined as seen in Fig. 12, and these parts are then joined by welding, the seam being welded first along the outer edges 19 and 20 of the angle bracket. These edges stand substantially Hush with, or protrude a little beyond, thev faces of the stile 15 and the bottom rail 7 adjacent the slits 13. he seams thus welded, however, lie within the channels l() of the bottom rail and the stiles. The reinforcing angle brackets 18 are preferably notched at the outer end corners to provide inset edges 21 and 22 adapted to iit snugly within the stile 15 and the bottom rail 7 Aft-er the seams have been welded along the edges 19 and 20, the seam is welded along the line 17 of Fig. 11..

Vhile any suitable construction may be utilized for mounting the glass panes, in the particular construction illustrated, it is intended that the window pane 9 shall be slidable into Ythe sash through the upper rail thereof. The upper rail is not therefore made in the same way as the bottom rail and the stiles. The upper rail 23 comprises inside and outside tubular members 24 and 25 which are rolled from sheet metal to the respective forms shown in Flg. 10. In eaehinst-ance` the meeting edges are welded together by a longitudinalrseam and are then ground to provide Hush faces for engagement with the window pane. The lengths of these tubular members `are subsequently mitered to divide them into 'pieces of appropriate length for lmaking sashes of the desired dimensions and to adapt them to t accurately with the stiles.

rovision is made of blocks 26 (see particularly Fig. 9) adapted to be fitted into the upper ends of the stiles and to interiitwith the mitered ends of the tubularv members 24 and 25, correctly spacing them from one anotherand locating them n registration with the corresponding parts of the Stiles. The

i block 26 is provided with a rib 27 on the outer face thereof adapted to lit through the slit stile and to be welded to the stile. It is also provided at its 'upper end with slots 28 and 29 for receiving the ends ofthe inside walls ofthe members 24 and 25. The members v24 and25 are welded to the stiles along the lineV 30. (see F ig. 4). After thev'window pane 9 has been inserted in the ysash constructed as thus far described, a bar 31' having a dovetailed groove 32 therein is slid onto the top rail to embrace the upper portions of the members 241 and 25. The dovetailed groove 32 interlits with the dovetailed projection formed jointly by the upper. portions of the in the upper end of the outer wall of they members 24 and 25. The end portions of the i bar 31 overlie the blocks 26 and are removably secured to them by screws 33. The outer eXtremities of the bars 31 are provided with notches 34 for a purpose which will presently be brought out. v

The 31 is p'rovided'with a tongue V31a adapted to extend between the tubular members 24 and 25 and serve as a spacer between them. Thus, when the bar 31 is slid onto the members 24 and 25 the tongue which is at least as broad as the thickness of the window pane prevents the application of pressure and of bending strains to the pane and thereby proadapted to receive a sheet metalclip36 wherebyY the sash is secured to a weight chain. This stirrup consists of a sheet metal member split along its center to Aprovide a plurality of legs 37 and 38 and having an eye 39 at the junction of the legs Ato receive a, chain link. The clip 36 may have a chain` link 40 slid over one leg thereof and iittedinto the eye. The legs 37 and 38 may then be brought to a common plane and may be slid down into the recess35 of the block 26 until screw openings 41 in the clip 36 come into registration withy screw holes 41a position the clip is removably secured to the block by screws 42 inserted through openings 43 in the stiles and threaded into the screw and then withdrawing Athe old pane or fragmentsthereof and inserting a new one.

ble to the lower sash andt'o'the upper sash in the block 26. In this j The description up to this point is applicaalike. .In the case of the lower sash, however, ya weather strip 44 of spring metal is welded or otherwise fastened at intervals to the under sash of the bottomvrail and curls around the edge thereof to cooperate with the sill when the window is closed. A lip 440ir at the eye of the weather strip engages the edge of the sash rail and supportsthe flange Vof the weather strip, thus assuring a firm but Y of spring metal is welded or otherwise fastened at intervals, this weather strip being designed to coact with the outer face of the upper or meeting rail of the lower sash. The bar 3l of the lower sash has a lock :base 46 welded to it on which a bolt member 47 is pivoted, and the lower rail of the upper sash has a keeper member 48 welded to it for coactioii Awith the bolt 47.

/Vherever exposed welds occur, particularly in ther 'innerfaces of the sashes, these welds are preferably ground and polished, so that in the finished window itrcannot be seeiithatV the top and bottom rails andthe stiles are not integral.

Not only is the sash as described of very light construction because of the lightness of the metal or the metallic alloy employed, but the parts are all constructed and designed to provide adequate strength and rigidity with the minimum utilization of material. The result is that the described sash is considerably lighter than Vsashes of equivalent strength heretofore produced. f This saving of weight is important notonly in the sash itself, blut in the fact that any saving of weight effected in the sash makes possible an equal saving in the counter-weights. Because of` the lightnessaiid strength of the described Y sash, itis adapted to be shipped to any point nea-r or distant, and even overseas, the cost of adequately protecting it by packing being slight, andthe cost kof transportation being low.

detail certain preferred forms of our invention, it is to bel understood that changes may bemade therein and the invention embodied While we have illustrated and described in sion, and a. weld seam 'uniting said edges.

:2. A one piece sheet metal stile or rail tubing for window sashes, having a side thereof which-will be concealed when thesash is finished and installed, formed `with a broad, shallow, longitudinal, channel-shaped l depression, and having the longitudinaledges of the sheet brought together in said depression, and a raw weld seam uniting said edges. y

4. A one piece sheet metal stile yor rail tubing for window sashes, having a side thereof which will be concealed when the sash is inished and'installed, formed with a longitudinal, chaiiiiel-shaped depression, and

having the longitudinal edges of the sheet brought together in said depression,and a Y weld seam uniting said edges, the weld seam being located substantially Ain the longitudinal median plane of the sash.

5. A window sash comprising tubular sheet metal stiles and a tubular sheet metal bottom rail and corner reinforcing angle bracketsengaging the inner walls of the adjoining tubular members and projecting through the outer walls of said members and welded to each of saidA members.

6. A window sash comprising tubular sheet metal Stiles, and a toprail comprising a plurality of spaced, parallel, tubular sheet metalmembers weldedv to the stiles,

rail members to locate the outer walls of said` members flush with the outer `walls of the st'iles.-

7. A sheet metal stiles, and a top railcoinprising a plurality of spaced, parallel, tubular sheet metal members welded to the stileS, and a cover bar interlocked with the top rail meinbers but slidable longitudinally thereof, re-

inforcin'g blocks at the meeting corners ofthe stiles andthe top rail and united to both the stiles and the top tubular rail members, and

and reinforcing blocks at the meeting corners ofthe..

window sashl comprising tubular Y sheet being brought together in said depresflexible weight-carryingmembers secured to f saidblocks and swingable to positions to clear the cover bar when the same is slid alongtheV 4 top rail.

8,. A window sash comprising tubularsheet l metal lstiles, and atop rail comprising a plurality of spaced, parallel, tubular sheet Ametal members welded to the stiles, reinforc-v ing blocks at the meeting corners of the stiles and the top rail andunited to both the stiles and the top rail, a grooved cover bar interloclred With the top rail tubing, and removable means connecting the cover bar with the blocks.

9. The method of making Window sashes, which comprises shaping a sheet of metal to tubular form with a pane seat in one face thereof, and a depression in the opposite face, and with the longitudinal edges of the sheet brought together in said depression, continuously uniting said longitudinal edges by Welding, cutting the tubing into appropriate lengths on a bevel, slotting the tubing along the base of the depression for a distancev inward from the bevel cuts, placing an angled reinforcing member in the slots of tubing members to be joined, and Welding the tubing members to the reinforcing member.

l0. The method of making Window sashes, which comprises shaping a sheet of metal to tubular form with a pane seat in one face thereof, and a depression in the opposite face, and With the longitudinal edges of the sheet brought together in the center of said depression, continuously uniting said longitudinal edges by Welding, cutting the tubing into appropriate lengths on a bevel, slotting the tubing along the central portion of the depression for a. distance inward from the bevel cuts, placing an angled reinforcing member in the slots of tubing members to be joined, and Welding the tubing members to the reinforcing member.

11. The method of making Window sashes, which comprises shaping a sheet of metal to tubular form With a pane seat in one face thereof, and a depression in the opposite'face, and with the longitudinal edges of the sheet brought together in said depression, continuously uniting said longitudinal edges by Welding, cutting the tubing into appropriate lengths on a bevel, slotting the tubing along the base of the depression for a distance inward from the bevel cuts, placing an angled reinforcing member in the slots of tubing members to be joined, yand Welding the tubing members to the reinforcing member, and directly to one another. n

12. In a Window sash, in combination, a tubular bottom rail, a tubular stile, and a flat corner-reinforcing angle bracket placed edgewise in said tubular members in the longitudinal median plane of the sash in engagement with the inner and outer Walls of said members and Welded to the outer Walls.

13. In a Window sash, in combination, a tubular bottom rail, a tubular stile, vand a flat corner-reinforcing angle bracket placed edgeWise in said tubular members in engagement with the inner faces of the inner and outer Walls thereof, and having portions eX- tended through the outer Walls and Welded to t iem.

In testimony whereof We have aiiixed our f signatures to this specification. 

